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Form 8606 plays a crucial role in the realm of individual retirement accounts (IRAs), particularly for those who make nondeductible contributions. This form is essential for reporting these contributions and any distributions from traditional, SEP, or SIMPLE IRAs. If you converted a portion of your traditional IRA to a Roth IRA, you’ll also need to complete this form to track the taxable and nontaxable amounts associated with that conversion. It's important to note that if you are married and both spouses are making nondeductible contributions, each individual must file their own Form 8606. The form also addresses distributions from Roth IRAs, ensuring that individuals can accurately report any nonqualified distributions and their tax implications. By understanding how to properly fill out Form 8606, taxpayers can navigate the complexities of their retirement accounts while ensuring compliance with IRS regulations. Whether you're making contributions, taking distributions, or converting funds, this form is a key component of your tax reporting process.

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Form 8606

 

Nondeductible IRAs

 

 

OMB No. 1545-0074

 

 

 

 

 

 

2022

Department of the Treasury

Go to www.irs.gov/Form8606 for instructions and the latest information.

 

 

 

Attach to 2022 Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR.

 

 

Attachment

Internal Revenue Service

 

 

 

Sequence No. 48

Name. If married, file a separate form for each spouse required to file 2022 Form 8606. See instructions.

Your social security number

 

 

 

 

 

Fill in Your Address

Home address (number and street, or P.O. box if mail is not delivered to your home)

 

 

Apt. no.

Only if You Are

 

 

 

 

 

City, town or post office, state, and ZIP code. If you have a foreign address, also complete the spaces below (see instructions).

Filing This Form by

Itself and Not With

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign country name

Foreign province/state/county

Foreign postal code

Your Tax Return

Part I Nondeductible Contributions to Traditional IRAs and Distributions From Traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs

Complete this part only if one or more of the following apply.

• You made nondeductible contributions to a traditional IRA for 2022.

• You took distributions from a traditional, SEP, or SIMPLE IRA in 2022 and you made nondeductible contributions to a traditional IRA in 2022 or an earlier year. For this purpose, a distribution does not include a rollover (other than a repayment of a qualified disaster distribution, if any, from 2022 Form(s) 8915-F (see instructions)), qualified charitable distribution, one-time distribution to fund an HSA, conversion, recharacterization, or return of certain contributions.

• You converted part, but not all, of your traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs to Roth IRAs in 2022 and you made nondeductible contributions to a traditional IRA in 2022 or an earlier year.

1

Enter your nondeductible contributions to traditional IRAs for 2022, including those made for 2022

 

 

 

from January 1, 2023, through April 18, 2023. See instructions

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

 

2

Enter your total basis in traditional IRAs. See instructions . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

 

3

Add lines 1 and 2

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

 

 

In 2022, did you take a distribution

 

No

 

 

Enter the amount from line 3 on line 14.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

from traditional, SEP, or SIMPLE IRAs,

 

 

 

 

Do not complete the rest of Part I.

 

 

4

or make a Roth IRA conversion?

 

Yes

 

 

Go to line 4.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Enter those contributions included on line 1 that were made from January 1, 2023, through April 18, 2023

4

 

5

Subtract line 4 from line 3

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

5

 

6Enter the value of all your traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs as of December 31, 2022, plus any outstanding rollovers. Subtract certain repayments of qualified

disaster distributions, if any, from 2022 Form(s) 8915-F (see instructions) . .

6

7Enter your distributions from traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs in 2022. Do not include rollovers (other than repayments of qualified disaster distributions, if any, from 2022 Form(s) 8915-F (see instructions)), qualified charitable distributions, a one-time distribution to fund an HSA, conversions to a Roth

IRA, certain returned contributions, or recharacterizations of traditional

IRA

 

contributions (see instructions)

.

7

8Enter the net amount you converted from traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs to

Roth IRAs in 2022. Also, enter this amount on line 16 . .

. . . . . . .

8

 

9 Add lines 6, 7, and 8

9

 

 

 

10Divide line 5 by line 9. Enter the result as a decimal rounded to at least 3

places. If the result is 1.000 or more, enter “1.000”

10

×

.

11Multiply line 8 by line 10. This is the nontaxable portion of the amount you

converted to Roth IRAs. Also, enter this amount on line 17

11

12Multiply line 7 by line 10. This is the nontaxable portion of your distributions

 

that you did not convert to a Roth IRA

12

 

 

13

Add lines 11 and 12. This is the nontaxable portion of all your distributions

 

13

14

Subtract line 13 from line 3. This is your total basis in traditional IRAs for 2022 and earlier years .

 

14

15a

Subtract line 12 from line 7

15a

bEnter the amount on line 15a attributable to qualified disaster distributions, if any, from 2022 Form(s) 8915-F (see instructions). Also, enter this amount on 2022 Form(s) 8915-F, line 18, as applicable (see

instructions)

15b

cTaxable amount. Subtract line 15b from line 15a. If more than zero, also include this amount on 2022 Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR, line 4b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15c Note: You may be subject to an additional 10% tax on the amount on line 15c if you were under age 59½ at the time of the distribution. See instructions.

For Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see separate instructions.

Cat. No. 63966F

Form 8606 (2022)

Form 8606 (2022)

Page 2

Part II 2022 Conversions From Traditional, SEP, or SIMPLE IRAs to Roth IRAs

Complete this part if you converted part or all of your traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs to a Roth IRA in 2022.

16If you completed Part I, enter the amount from line 8. Otherwise, enter the net amount you converted

from traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs to Roth IRAs in 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17If you completed Part I, enter the amount from line 11. Otherwise, enter your basis in the amount on

line 16 (see instructions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18Taxable amount. Subtract line 17 from line 16. If more than zero, also include this amount on 2022 Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR, line 4b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Part III Distributions From Roth IRAs

16

17

18

Complete this part only if you took a distribution from a Roth IRA in 2022. For this purpose, a distribution does not include a rollover (other than a repayment of a qualified disaster distribution (from 2022 Form(s) 8915-F (see instructions)), qualified charitable distribution, one-time distribution to fund an HSA, recharacterization, or return of certain contributions (see instructions).

19

Enter your total nonqualified distributions from Roth IRAs in 2022, including any qualified first-time

 

 

 

homebuyer distributions, and any qualified disaster distributions from 2022 Form(s) 8915-F (see

 

 

 

instructions)

. . . .

19

 

20

Qualified first-time homebuyer expenses (see instructions). Do not enter more than $10,000 reduced

 

 

 

by the total of all your prior qualified first-time homebuyer distributions

. . . .

20

 

21

Subtract line 20 from line 19. If zero or less, enter -0-

. . . .

21

 

22

Enter your basis in Roth IRA contributions (see instructions). If line 21 is zero, stop here .

. . . .

22

 

23

Subtract line 22 from line 21. If zero or less, enter -0- and skip lines 24 and 25. If more than zero, you

 

 

 

may be subject to an additional tax (see instructions)

. . . .

23

 

24

Enter your basis in conversions from traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs and rollovers from qualified

 

 

 

retirement plans to a Roth IRA. See instructions

. . . .

24

 

25a

Subtract line 24 from line 23. If zero or less, enter -0- and skip lines 25b and 25c . . .

. . . .

25a

 

b Enter the amount on line 25a attributable to qualified disaster distributions, if any, from 2022 Form(s)

 

 

 

8915-F (see instructions). Also, enter this amount on 2022 Form(s) 8915-F, line 19, as applicable (see

 

 

 

instructions)

. . . .

25b

 

c

Taxable amount. Subtract line 25b from line 25a. If more than zero, also include this amount on 2022

 

 

 

Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR, line 4b

. . . .

25c

 

Sign Here Only if You

Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have examined this form, including accompanying attachments, and to the best of my knowledge and

Are Filing This Form

belief, it is true, correct, and complete. Declaration of preparer (other than taxpayer) is based on all information of which preparer has any knowledge.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

by Itself and Not With

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Your Tax Return

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Your signature

 

 

 

 

Date

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paid

 

Print/Type preparer’s name

Preparer’s signature

Date

 

 

 

Check

if

PTIN

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

self-employed

 

Preparer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Firm’s name

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Firm’s EIN

 

Use Only

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Firm’s address

 

 

 

 

 

Phone no.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Form 8606 (2022)

Form Specifications

Fact Name Description
Purpose Form 8606 is used to report nondeductible contributions to traditional IRAs and distributions from traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs.
Filing Requirement This form must be attached to the 2022 Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR when filing your tax return.
Multiple Filings If married and filing separately, each spouse must file their own Form 8606.
Conversions Part II of the form addresses conversions from traditional IRAs to Roth IRAs, detailing taxable amounts.
State-Specific Forms Some states may have their own forms or requirements related to IRAs. Check state laws for specifics.

8606: Usage Guidelines

Completing Form 8606 is essential for reporting nondeductible contributions to traditional IRAs and distributions from various retirement accounts. This form must be attached to your tax return for the year you are filing. Ensure all information is accurate and complete to avoid delays in processing your return.

  1. Begin by entering your name at the top of the form. If you are married and both spouses are filing, each must complete a separate form.
  2. Fill in your social security number in the designated space.
  3. Provide your address, including street address, apartment number (if applicable), city, state, and ZIP code.
  4. If you have a foreign address, complete the additional fields for foreign country, province/state/county, and postal code.
  5. In Part I, enter your nondeductible contributions to traditional IRAs for 2022 on line 1. Include any contributions made from January 1, 2023, through April 18, 2023.
  6. On line 2, enter your total basis in traditional IRAs.
  7. Add the amounts from lines 1 and 2, and write the total on line 3.
  8. Indicate whether you took a distribution from traditional, SEP, or SIMPLE IRAs in 2022. If the answer is no, enter the amount from line 3 on line 14 and skip the rest of Part I.
  9. If you answered yes, proceed to line 4. Enter any contributions included on line 1 that were made from January 1, 2023, through April 18, 2023.
  10. Subtract line 4 from line 3 and enter the result on line 5.
  11. On line 6, enter the total value of all your traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs as of December 31, 2022, adjusting for any rollovers.
  12. Enter your distributions from traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs in 2022 on line 7, excluding rollovers and certain other distributions.
  13. On line 8, enter the net amount converted from traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs to Roth IRAs in 2022.
  14. Add lines 6, 7, and 8 and write the total on line 9.
  15. Divide line 5 by line 9 and enter the result as a decimal rounded to at least three places on line 10. If the result is 1.000 or more, enter “1.000.”
  16. Multiply line 8 by line 10 and enter this amount on line 11.
  17. Multiply line 7 by line 10 and enter this amount on line 12.
  18. Add lines 11 and 12 to find the nontaxable portion of all your distributions and enter it on line 13.
  19. Subtract line 13 from line 3 and enter the total on line 14.
  20. Complete lines 15a, 15b, and 15c as instructed, calculating the taxable amount.
  21. For Part II, enter the amount from line 8 on line 16 if you completed Part I; otherwise, enter the net amount converted to Roth IRAs.
  22. On line 17, enter your basis in the amount on line 16.
  23. Subtract line 17 from line 16 and enter the taxable amount on line 18.
  24. For Part III, if you took a distribution from a Roth IRA in 2022, complete lines 19 through 25c as instructed.
  25. Finally, sign and date the form, ensuring all information is accurate.

Your Questions, Answered

What is Form 8606?

Form 8606 is a tax form used to report nondeductible contributions to traditional Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs), distributions from traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs, and conversions from these accounts to Roth IRAs. It helps taxpayers track their basis in these accounts to determine the taxable amount of distributions and conversions.

Who needs to file Form 8606?

Taxpayers must file Form 8606 if they made nondeductible contributions to a traditional IRA, took distributions from traditional, SEP, or SIMPLE IRAs, or converted any part of these accounts to Roth IRAs during the tax year. If married, each spouse must file a separate form if they both have such contributions or distributions.

What information is required to complete Form 8606?

To complete Form 8606, individuals will need to provide their name, social security number, and address. Additionally, they must report nondeductible contributions made during the tax year, the total basis in traditional IRAs, and details about any distributions or conversions that occurred. This includes values as of December 31 of the tax year and any relevant amounts from prior years.

What are nondeductible contributions?

Nondeductible contributions are contributions made to a traditional IRA for which the taxpayer does not receive a tax deduction. These contributions are important to track because they represent the taxpayer's basis in the IRA, which affects the taxation of future distributions and conversions to Roth IRAs.

How does Form 8606 affect my taxes?

Form 8606 plays a crucial role in determining the taxable portion of distributions and conversions from IRAs. By accurately reporting nondeductible contributions, taxpayers can avoid being taxed again on those amounts when they take distributions or convert to a Roth IRA. Failure to file this form when required may result in additional taxes and penalties.

When is Form 8606 due?

Form 8606 is due on the same date as the taxpayer's income tax return, typically April 15. If an extension is filed for the tax return, the same extension applies to Form 8606. It must be attached to the taxpayer's Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR when submitted.

What happens if I don’t file Form 8606 when required?

If a taxpayer fails to file Form 8606 when required, they may face a penalty of $50 for each form not filed. Additionally, the IRS may impose taxes on amounts that should have been reported as nondeductible contributions, leading to double taxation on those funds when distributions are taken.

Common mistakes

  1. Incorrectly Reporting Nondeductible Contributions: Many individuals fail to accurately report their nondeductible contributions to traditional IRAs. This can lead to discrepancies in tax calculations and potential penalties.

  2. Neglecting to Include All Required Information: Some people overlook essential information, such as their Social Security number or the correct filing status. This omission can delay processing and result in additional scrutiny from the IRS.

  3. Improperly Calculating Taxable Amounts: Errors often occur when calculating the taxable amounts related to conversions or distributions. Miscalculating these figures can lead to an unexpected tax liability.

  4. Failing to Attach the Form: A common mistake is not attaching Form 8606 to the main tax return. This oversight can result in the IRS not recognizing the nondeductible contributions, leading to potential penalties.

Documents used along the form

The Form 8606 is an essential document for individuals who make nondeductible contributions to traditional IRAs or convert their traditional IRAs to Roth IRAs. However, it is often accompanied by other forms that provide additional information or context regarding the taxpayer's financial situation. Understanding these related documents can enhance your grasp of the overall tax implications associated with retirement accounts.

  • Form 1040: This is the standard individual income tax return form used by U.S. taxpayers. It summarizes your income, deductions, and tax liability for the year. When filing Form 8606, you typically attach it to your Form 1040 to report any taxable amounts from your IRAs.
  • Form 1099-R: This form reports distributions from pensions, annuities, retirement plans, IRAs, and other similar accounts. If you took distributions from your traditional IRA or converted funds to a Roth IRA, you would receive this form, which provides crucial information for completing Form 8606.
  • Form 5498: This form is used to report contributions to an IRA, including traditional, Roth, and SEP IRAs. It also shows the fair market value of the account. If you made nondeductible contributions, this form helps document those amounts and is important when filling out Form 8606.
  • Form 8915-F: This form is used to report qualified disaster distributions and repayments. If you received a distribution due to a qualified disaster, you may need to include this information on Form 8606 to ensure accurate tax reporting and avoid penalties.

In summary, while Form 8606 plays a pivotal role in reporting nondeductible IRA contributions and conversions, it is often used in conjunction with other forms. Each of these documents serves a unique purpose, providing essential information that supports the accurate reporting of retirement account transactions and ensures compliance with tax regulations.

Similar forms

  • Form 1040: This is the standard individual income tax return form used by U.S. taxpayers. Like Form 8606, it reports income, deductions, and tax liability. Form 8606 is attached to Form 1040 when reporting nondeductible IRA contributions and distributions.
  • Form 1040-SR: Designed for seniors, this form is similar to Form 1040 but has larger print and a simplified layout. It also incorporates information from Form 8606 when reporting IRA contributions and distributions.
  • Form 1099-R: This form reports distributions from pensions, annuities, retirement plans, and IRAs. It is used in conjunction with Form 8606 to report taxable and nontaxable amounts from distributions.
  • Form 5498: This form is used to report contributions to IRAs, including traditional and Roth IRAs. It serves as a record for contributions that may be referenced when completing Form 8606.
  • Form 8880: The Credit for Qualified Retirement Savings Contributions form allows taxpayers to claim a credit for contributions to retirement accounts. It is relevant when considering the tax implications of contributions reported on Form 8606.
  • Form 5329: This form is used to report additional taxes on IRAs and other qualified retirement plans. It can be necessary if there are excess contributions or early distributions, which may relate to the information reported on Form 8606.
  • Form 8606-N: While not an official IRS form, it may refer to a non-existent or informal document that taxpayers create to track nondeductible contributions. It serves a similar purpose to Form 8606 in keeping a record of contributions.
  • Form 8915-F: This form is used for reporting qualified disaster distributions and repayments. It is relevant for taxpayers who may have taken distributions that affect the calculations on Form 8606.
  • Form 8888: This form allows taxpayers to split their tax refund into multiple accounts. While it does not directly relate to IRA contributions, it may be used in conjunction with the financial planning aspects of retirement accounts reported on Form 8606.

Dos and Don'ts

Filling out Form 8606 can be a straightforward process if you know what to do and what to avoid. Here’s a handy list to help you navigate this form effectively.

  • Do gather all relevant documents before starting. This includes records of your IRA contributions and distributions.
  • Do ensure that you have your Social Security number handy. This is essential for accurate identification.
  • Do check the instructions on the IRS website for any updates or changes to the form.
  • Do fill out a separate Form 8606 for each spouse if you are married and both need to file.
  • Don't skip any lines that apply to you. Each line is important for calculating your tax accurately.
  • Don't forget to include any nondeductible contributions made in the first part of the following year, as they can affect your calculations.
  • Don't mix up your traditional IRA contributions with Roth IRA contributions. They have different tax implications.
  • Don't hesitate to seek assistance if you find any part of the form confusing. Professional help can save you time and potential errors.

By keeping these tips in mind, you can fill out Form 8606 with confidence and accuracy. Remember, attention to detail is key!

Misconceptions

Understanding Form 8606 can be challenging, and several misconceptions can lead to confusion when filing taxes. Here are five common misunderstandings about this form:

  • Misconception 1: Form 8606 is only for high-income earners.
  • This is not true. Anyone who makes nondeductible contributions to a traditional IRA or takes distributions from traditional IRAs must file this form, regardless of income level.

  • Misconception 2: You can only file Form 8606 with your tax return.
  • While it is often attached to your tax return, you can also file Form 8606 by itself if necessary. It's important to ensure that it is submitted correctly, even if not filed with the main tax forms.

  • Misconception 3: Filing Form 8606 is optional if you have made nondeductible contributions.
  • This is a common error. Filing Form 8606 is required to report nondeductible contributions. Failing to do so can lead to complications, including tax penalties.

  • Misconception 4: You cannot convert a traditional IRA to a Roth IRA if you file Form 8606.
  • In fact, Form 8606 is essential for reporting conversions from traditional IRAs to Roth IRAs. It helps track the taxable and nontaxable portions of your conversions.

  • Misconception 5: The information on Form 8606 is not important for future tax years.
  • This is misleading. The basis reported on Form 8606 carries over to future years and is crucial for determining taxable amounts in subsequent distributions or conversions.

Key takeaways

Here are some key takeaways about filling out and using Form 8606:

  • Form Purpose: Form 8606 is used to report nondeductible contributions to traditional IRAs and distributions from traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs.
  • Filing Requirement: If you made nondeductible contributions or took distributions from your IRAs, you must complete this form.
  • Separate Forms: If you are married and both spouses need to file, each must complete their own Form 8606.
  • Contribution Reporting: Report your nondeductible contributions for the tax year, including any made up until April 18 of the following year.
  • Distribution Exclusions: Certain distributions, like rollovers and conversions, do not need to be reported on this form.
  • Conversions to Roth IRAs: If you converted funds from a traditional IRA to a Roth IRA, you need to report the amount converted.
  • Taxable Amount: Calculate the taxable portion of any distributions and conversions. This amount may need to be included on your tax return.
  • Documentation: Keep records of your contributions and distributions. This will help you accurately complete the form.
  • Potential Additional Tax: Be aware that distributions taken before age 59½ may incur an additional 10% tax.
  • Online Resources: For detailed instructions and updates, visit the IRS website dedicated to Form 8606.